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What is Chess

Chess is a board game that does not involve the physical dexterity or strength of a person, but his intelligence and ability to logic. In some schools, chess has been introduced into the curriculum to develop students' logical thinking.
Chess is played on a board of 64 black and white (other contrasting colors) cells by two people, using special pieces with different possibilities in the game.
The history of chess has more than one and a half thousand years: the invention of the game is a gift to the world of India, where in the V-VI centuries. chess boards and figures appeared. Ancient Indian treatises are known that mention them in the 7th century AD. There is information about chess in the ancient Indian "Vedas": at that time chess was called "chaturanga". The game was then widespread in the East. Much later, she came to Europe.
The modern name of the game is borrowed from Persian and means "the Shah is dead". The name of the game, translated from the ancient Indian language, Sanskrit, means "four-part". This term in India was called a certain formation of troops. It was borrowed for the arrangement of pieces on the chessboard.

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How to play Chess

There are 32 chess pieces: 16 white and 16 black. They are placed horizontally. At the beginning of the game, the players choose the color of the pieces by drawing lots or by prior agreement. Chess players place pieces of the same color between two horizontal lines. White on 1 and 2, and black on 7 and 8.

Chess

How pieces move in chess

Pawn

In the initial position, when the pawn is on the 2nd and 7th lines, it can move one or two cells forward at the request of the chess player.
When a pawn has changed its initial position, it can move one cell forward. Pawns attack diagonally, they cannot strike horizontally, forward or backward.
A pawn can beat pieces located on the left or right diagonally in the next row. For example, a pawn is on D4, pieces located on C5 and E5 can hit.
The pawn is the only piece whose move and attack rules are different. The rest of the figures match. An inconspicuous figure can be a winning one. Having reached the edge of the opposite side (white - 8 horizontal, black - 1), the pawn can turn into any game piece at the request of the chess player, except for the king.

Knight
The Knight has an interesting L-shaped trajectory. This is a cunning figure that inattentive rivals lose sight of. It stands far, and then easily hits the army of opponents.
From the square where the Knight stands, the trajectory of movement captures 2 cells forward horizontally or vertically, and one more cell to the side to make the letter L. The opponent’s piece, which is planned to be captured, must be on the cell forming the letter L in the trajectory of the knight’s move.
The knight can jump over pieces that stand in the way, except for the end point of "landing".

Bishop
The Bishop can be rearranged to any number of cells required by the playing player. It can only move diagonally, along the cells of the color on which it stood at the very beginning of the game. Each player has two bishops, one attacks the opponent's pieces on white squares, the second - on black ones.
Minus the bishop - can not jump over other chess pieces. Can hit any piece in the path, but must occupy the square where it was standing. The rule even applies to your own pieces; you cannot jump or attack over them.

Rook
Rook can move similarly in straight lines. It can hit an opponent vertically or horizontally, at any distance.
It cannot jump over other pieces; when attacking, the rook must occupy the square occupied by the attacked piece.

Queen
Queen can move in all directions: diagonally, vertically, to any distance. Cannot jump over other pieces.

King
King is the weakest piece and needs constant protection. It has no face value and cannot be exchanged. When the king has no moves left to escape from the threat, the game is considered over, and the player who has fallen into such a position is considered a loser.
Moves one square forward, backward, diagonally or sideways.
Can capture a nearby piece only if it is not protected by any other. The king cannot hit a figure standing on a square under protection.